Best of AUA 2014: Basic Science Research

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• Copy number loss in NELL1 and a missense mutation linked to inflammation were identified in men with Peyronie’s disease, suggesting a genetic basis for this disease.

• Highly purified collagen coating showed promise for improving the biocompatibility of polypropylene mesh.

• Peripheral fatty acid amide hydrolase is a potential target for treating premature ejaculation.

• Immediate placement of a localized drug delivery system (sildenafil-loaded nanospheres) to the site of nerve injury improved erectile function in rats, suggesting potential application in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.

• A combination of candidate genes (KISS1R, KISS1, CSAD, and SEPT9) could serve as prognostic markers for risk of primary bladder tumor metastasis.

• Compared to bacillus Calmette-Guérin (TheraCys, TICE BCG)-responsive tumors, high-grade nonmuscle-invasive bladder carcinomas that recur after BCG treatment have increased expression of genes implicated in cancer phenotype, including survival, migration, and invasion.

• Several studies identified miRNA signatures and various biomarkers as possible prognostic markers in renal cell carcinoma.

• Results in a mouse model suggest combination therapy of anti-CTLA4 antibody and anti-PD-1 antibody can be an option in kidney cancer.

• Induction of a hypometabolic state may be a useful strategy to reduce ischemic injury in renal surgery, results from a mouse model suggest.

• Thermotherapy with magnetic cationic liposomes suppressed bone metastasis in a novel rat model when administered with docetaxel (Taxotere).

• Differential expression of miRNAs in biopsies of patients with low-risk prostate cancer may identify patients at risk for upgrading.UT

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