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San Francisco--The discovery of the peptide made only by interstitial cystitis in a patient's bladder epithelium has held out the possibility of a diagnostic test, but it wasn't until University of Maryland researchers recently identified the peptide's exact structure that such a test was feasible. The latest research on antiproliferative factor (APF) not only moves researchers a step closer to a commercial diagnostic test for IC but also to new possibilities for treatment of both IC and bladder cancer and to intriguing questions about a new family of proteins.

Boston--A preoperative rise in serum PSA of >2.0 ng/mL predicts an increased mortality risk in patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy and might identify men who require additional therapy, investigators have concluded after reviewing outcomes in more than 1,000 cases.

New Orleans--PSA doubling time (PSADT) appears to be a strong predictor of the probability of distant metastasis and prostate cancer-specific survival in men with biochemical relapse after radical prostatectomy, according to Mario A. Eisenberger, MD.

The use of stem cells to treat otherwise incurable or serious human disease remains a political "hot potato." One must remember, however, that the sources of embryonic and adult stem cells are distinctly different. The use of adult stem cells avoids all of the ethical and political criticism associated with the former's fetal etiology. While not totipotential, adult stem cells still have the advantage of prolonged proliferation, self-renewal, generation of more differentiated cells, maintenance of developmental potential, and proliferation in response to injury.

San Francisco--The microsurgical approach is an effective method for varicocele repair in adolescents and offers the advantages of lower rates of persistence, recurrence, and hydrocele formation than alternative methods, according to the findings of two independent studies presented at the AUA annual meeting.

Chronic prostatitis carries a high price-both on the health care system and society in general. Two separate studies demonstrate those costs may be 1.7 times higher than for men without prostatitis and perhaps 1.5 times higher than for another debilitating chronic pain syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis.

Arlington Heights, IL-Presutti Laboratories has received FDA approval to market tinidazole (Tindamax) for the treatment of trichomoniasis, as well as giardiases, intestinal amebiases, and amebic liver abscess.

For the most part, educational expenses must maintain or improve a skill required in the taxpayer’s employment or to meet the express requirements of the taxpayer’s employer, laws, or regulations.

The goal of endoscopic intervention for vesicoureteral reflux should be the same as it is for open surgery-a 95% to 98% cure rate after one treatment with the option of excluding a postoperative voiding cystogram.

New Orleans--Bicalutamide (Casodex), 50 mg, plus castration leads to an estimated 20% reduction in risk of prostate cancer death versus castration alone, according to results of a historical data analysis presented at the annual of the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting here.

San Francisco--Results from a study evaluating the effect of urinary pH alteration in patients with interstitial cystitis suggest little benefit is likely gained from alkalinizing the urine to a neutral pH. Nevertheless, the question of how urine pH affects IC symptoms remains unanswered and requires further study, concluded the authors, from the University of British Columbia, Vancouver.

San Francisco--The tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline (Elavil) is a safe and effective treatment for interstitial cystitis with significant benefits for reducing overall symptoms along with pain and urgency, according to the results of a German study.

New Orleans--A combination of common clinical factors can accurately predict which patients who have biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy are likely to develop metastatic progression, said investigators from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York.

A combined treatment of L-carnitine and L-acetyl-carnitine was found to increase sperm motility, especially in patients with lower baseline levels, in a study in Fertility and Sterility (2004; 81:1578-84).