Ridwan I. Alam, MD, MPH

Regarding acceptable risk thresholds, Alam describes himself as relatively risk-averse, favoring a 5% to 10% miss rate for Grade Group 2 or higher disease when considering biopsy avoidance.

Alam frames PHI and MRI as noninvasive tools that help refine risk before proceeding to biopsy.

The study retrospectively analyzed 456 biopsy-naive men who underwent PHI testing followed by a prostate biopsy.