Checkpoint Inhibitors in NMIBC

The expert faculty discuss the expanding use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in high-risk non–muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), emphasizing how these agents are reshaping treatment delivery and safety monitoring. They highlight recent and upcoming trial data—including POTOMAC, CREST, SUNRISE-3, and ALBAN—that illustrate the growing importance of PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade in BCG-naïve disease. The conversation focuses on immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and the need for urologists to become more familiar with identifying and managing these toxicities as immunotherapy moves earlier in the disease course. Faculty members compare intravenous versus subcutaneous administration, noting that while systemic side effects are similar, subcutaneous delivery may improve workflow efficiency, patient satisfaction, and accessibility in community settings. They emphasize that effective management of immunotherapy requires collaboration among urologists, medical oncologists, nurses, and advanced practitioners. The d