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These are Urology Times' most-read prostate cancer articles of 2016.

Researchers at UCLA have discovered a previously unrecognized type of progenitor cell in inflamed areas of the prostate that have the ability to initiate cancer in response to genetic changes.

“We need to identify those patients with high-grade T1 bladder cancer that are likely to recur or progress… and find additional options to prevent recurrence and progression in these patients,” said Joaquim Bellmunt, MD, PhD, in a presentation at the SUO annual meeting.

Read highlights from a presentation by Toni K. Choueiri, MD, at the Society of Urologic Oncology annual meeting.

The era of value-based health care has arrived. And while the idea of basing reimbursement on quality and efficiency rather than volume of care is good in theory, the majority of urologists say it will be difficult to carry out, according to Urology Times' 2016 State of the Specialty survey.

Other products discussed include a stent system for treating ureteral obstructions, a male infertility test, and more.

These four videos depict expert techniques for buried penis repair.

Henry Rosevear, MD, discusses the ten things he’d like to see happen in 2017 for the field of urology.

Overweight and obese men who participated in 12 weeks of aerobic exercise saw significantly increased testosterone levels, a recent study found.

The novel tool could result in earlier prostate cancer diagnoses and less invasive testing, although a prostate cancer expert cautioned that the model makes multiple assumptions and has not been validated.

Use of the nomogram, along with factors such as PSA level and family history, is a reliable, useful tool for helping urologists and their patients make better treatment decisions, says the author of a recent study.

Over the past several months leading up to the November presidential and congressional elections, organizations representing urology sought to persuade members of Congress to bring sense and reason to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), which nearly 5 years ago gave a “D” rating to PSA-based screening for prostate cancer.

In this article, I outline what urologists should know about major provisions in the 2017 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule and how it may impact their bottom line.

Here is a list of potential estate-planning mistakes you can help avoid with professional counseling.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the presence of aspirin appears both effective and safe. In a retrospective review of almost 300 PCNL cases, postoperative hemorrhage was uncommon in patients who continued aspirin preoperatively, said Brandon Otto, MD, at the AUA annual meeting in San Diego.

Findings from an initial cost analysis support further research and reconsideration of the role of computed tomography urography for imaging evaluation in patients with asymptomatic microhematuria, according to urologists from the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

Fewer than 20% of patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy develop metastasis, and a smaller proportion die as a result of prostate cancer.

Other pipeline developments discussed include a bladder cancer test, a male infertility assay, and the first oral dosage treatment for hypogonadism.

In this interview, Khurshid R. Ghani, MD, and David C. Miller, MD, MPH, discuss the origins of the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative, what it’s done for prostate cancer care in Michigan, and how a similar model could be rolled out nationally.

"There are significant data examining the role of heat exposure to male sperm. However, none of it is very high quality and the data are murky at best," write James R. Craig, MD, MS; William Brant, MD; and James M. Hotaling, MD, MS.

In the 2016 elections, a urologist was elected to the House of Representatives but overall physician representation in Congress has declined to just 3%.

“Our research shows that the implications of kidney stones may go beyond the discomfort they are so often associated with,” says co-lead author Andrew Rule, MD.

A new approach to prostate cancer screening has been proposed by investigators who claim the idea of informed decision-making by primary care physicians is not working when it comes to PSA testing.

UT blogger Lisa Kerr, PA-C, makes her case for using physician assistants to first assist on surgical procedures.